村干部不同领导方式对村民自治绩效的影响

The Influence of Different Leading Methods of Village Cadres on Villagers' Autonomous Management Performance

将村干部的领导方式分为权威型、民主型、放任型三种类型,从经济绩效、政治绩效(分为民主管理绩效、公民参与绩效)、社会绩效、公共产品与服务供给绩效4个方面衡量村民自治绩效,根据对多个省份16个村庄的问卷调查,分析村干部领导方式对村民自治绩效的影响。分析表明,权威型领导方式与社会绩效以及公民参与绩效显著正相关,民主型领导方式与经济绩效、民主管理绩效、公民参与绩效、社会绩效、公共供给绩效显著正相关,而其他变量之间的关系不显著。因此,村干部民主型领导方式我国农村治理中具有普遍的适用性,权威型的领导方式也有一定的适应性,而放任型的领导方式是不适用的。村干部应灵活运用权威型与民主型领导方法,避免放任型领导风格和方式。

The leading methods of village cadres can be classified into such three kinds as authoritative type,democratic type and arbitrary type,and villagers＇ autonomous management performance can be measured from such four perspectives as economic performance,political performance including democratic management performance and civic participation performance,social performance and supply performance from public product and service.According to the questionnaire from 16 villages in many provinces,the influence of the leading methods of village cadres on villagers＇ autonomous management performance is analyzed,and the results show that authoritative leading method is significantly positively related to social performance and civic participation performance,the democratic leading method is obviously positively related to economic performance,democratic management performance,civic participation performance,social performance and public supply performance,and that the correlation between other variants is not significant.Thus,democratic leading method of village cadres has universal resilience in China＇s villagers＇ autonomous management,authoritative leading method also has certain resilience but arbitrary leading method is not applicable.Thus,village cadres should agilely use authoritative type or democratic type of leading method but avoid arbitrary leading method.