菜用脱毒马铃薯测土配方施肥肥效研究

Study on Effect of Formula Fertilization by Soil Testing on Vegetable Virus-free Potato

[目的]探讨类似贵州省毕节市生态环境下获得较高产量的最佳施肥配比,建立施肥指导数学模型。[方法]通过菜用脱毒马铃薯宣薯3号"3414"测土配方施肥肥效试验,分析最佳施肥配比。[结果]中肥力试验施N肥210.3 kg/hm2、P肥36.3 kg/hm2、K肥413.1 kg/hm2,可获得马铃薯18 146.1 kg/hm2;低肥力试验施N肥117.15 kg/hm2、P肥79.8 kg/hm2、K肥191.55 kg/hm2,可获得马铃薯18 610.35 kg/hm2的较好产量;高肥力试验地块由于基础肥力较高,土壤中含N量也能满足马铃薯生长阶段对N元素的需求,故不需再施用,其最佳施肥量为施P肥242.7 kg/hm2、K肥522.3 kg/hm2,可获得马铃薯18 648.15 kg/hm2的产量。[结论]研究结果为大田生产提供了指导。

[Objective] The aim was to explore the higher yield optimal fertilization ratio and establish ferilization guidance mathematical model in ecological environment like Bijie City of Guizhou Province.[Method]Through tests of vegetable potato Xuanshu3 by ＂3414＂formula fertilization,analyzed the optimum ratio of fertilization.[Result]The results showed that the medium fertility tests applied. N fertilizer 210.3 kg/hm^2,the P fertilizer 36.3kg/hm^2,K fertilizer 413.1kg/hm^2,available potato 18 146.1kg/hm^2.Low fertility tests applied N fertilizer 117.15 kg/hm^2,P fertilizer 79.8kg/hm^2,K fertilizer 191.55kg/hm^2,could obtain potato 18 610.35kg/hm^2.High fertility tests plots due to higher basic soil N content could meet the demand for potato growth stage of N elements,so no application.The best fertilization was applied P fertilizer 242.7kg/hm^2.K fertilizer 522.3kg/hm^2,could obtain the production of potato 18 648.15kg/hm^2.[Result]The results provided guidance to field production.