肺移植受者等待供肺期间认知行为干预模式及效果评价

The study of mode and effect of cognitive- behavioral therapy for lung transplant recipients during waiting for lung

目的探讨适合肺移植受者等待供肺期间的认知行为干预模式，评价其改善患者身心状态的效果。方法将50例进行术前评估的肺移植受者随机分为实验组和对照组各25例，对照组接受常规治疗和护理，实验组除接受常规治疗和护理外还接受认知行为干预。在2组患者入院时、入院2周和4周时分别采用Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）进行评定，并测量2组生命体征的变化。结果入院2周和4周时实验组SAS得分低于对照组，随干预时间的延长，SAS得分逐渐降低；入院4周时实验组收缩压低于对照组，但2组舒张压组间和组内比较差异无统计学意义；入院2周和4周时实验组心率值低于对照组，实验组入院4周时心率值较入院时下降；入院4周时实验组呼吸频率低于同期对照组和自身刚入院时水平。结论认知行为干预可降低肺移植受者等待供肺期间的焦虑程度，保持生命体征平稳，具有较好的可行性和有效性。

Objective To investigate the suitable mode of cognitive-behavioral therapy for lung transplant recipients during waiting for lung and evaluate the effect to improve patients＇ physical and mental state. Methods 50 cases were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, each group with 25 cases. The control group received conventional treatment. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to conventional treatment. SAS and vital signs were measured in the two groups on admission, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after admission. Results The SAS score of the experimental group was lower than the control group 2 weeks and 4 weeks after admission and SAS score decreased as the intervention extended. The SBp of the experimental group was lower than the control group 4 weeks after admission. There was no significant difference of DBp between two groups. The heart rate of the experimental group was lower than the control group 4 weeks after admission. The heart rate of the experimental group was lower on 2 weeks and 4 weeks after admission than on admission. 4 weeks after admission, the respiratory rate of the experimental group was lower than the control group and on admission. Conclusions Cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce the level of anxiety and keep vital signs stable with good feasibility and effectiveness.