配位结构、词汇语义与词典释义

Diathesis,Lexical Semantics and Dictionary Definition

配位结构指谓词性词汇单位语义配价与句法题元之间的对应关系。一个词汇单位可以具有多个配位结构。本文认为,《现代汉语词典》对具有多个配位结构的词汇单位的处理有失当之处,在词汇单位划分、词典释义的某些方面缺乏一致性。文章以莫斯科语义学派的配位结构理论为依据,尝试解决词典中词汇单位划分、词典释义不统一等问题。

Diathesis represents the correspondence between semantic valence and syntactic actant in lexical units of predicator. A lexi- cal unit can possess more than one diathesis. The article points out, that, in The Dictionary of Modern Chinese, the settling of lexical unit with more than one diathesis isn＇ t proper to a certain extent, and its classification of lexical units and dictionary defi- nition has poor accordance. Based on the diathesis theory of Moscow Semantic School, the paper attempts to solve problems about classifying of lexical units and dictionary definition.