太空透明与信任建设机制刍议

On TCBMs in the Outer Space

太空安全问题越来越严峻,尤其表现为太空武器化。因为美国等国家的反对,限制太空武器化的裁军谈判会议陷于僵局。为打破僵局,国际社会又提出了太空透明与信任建设机制,希望各国遵守不具备法律约束力的协议,在太空负责任地进行活动。一些国家也采取了实际行动,部分履行太空透明与信任建设机制。尽管该机制有利于太空安全的发展,但因为不具备法律约束力,缺乏有效的验证机制,以及并没有禁止太空武器化,其对于确保太空安全的作用是有限的。要想让该机制发挥确保太空安全的作用,必须使之成为国际法律,具备有效验证的机制。

The issue of space security is becoming more and more severe, especially embodied by space weaponization. In order to deal with the space security issue, international community advanced the proposal on banning space weaponization, but the CD is impasse because of USA＇ opposition. In order to break this deadlock, the international community also puts forward proposals on Transparency and Confidence- building Measures in space, including EU＇ s the Code of Conduct for Outer SpaceActivities, hoping space countries abide by the non -binding agreements legally and operate in space responsibly. Some space countries take some steps to perform partly TCBMs in space. Although TCBMs in space have progressive role in advancing the development of space security, it＇ s roles in limited because of lack of legal binding, and effective verification regimes, and non - banning weaponization. If international community wants TCBMs in space to ensure the space security, it should become international treaty, having effective verification regimes, and executive council which deals with concerned affairs.