关于植物DNA条形码研究技术规范

A Synopsis of Technical Notes on the Standards for Plant DNA Barcoding

DNA条形码是利用标准的基因片段对物种进行快速鉴定的技术,已经成功用于生物物种分类和鉴定、生态学调查和生物多样性评估等研究领域。尽管生命条形码数据(BOLD)系统提供了主要针对动物类群DNA条形码研究的技术规范,但由于植物本身的生物学特性与所使用的条形码不同,因此已有技术规范并不完全适用于植物DNA条形码的研究。本文根据植物DNA条形码研究的特点与我国的实际情况,编写了植物DNA条形码研究技术标准和规范指南,具体包括十个方面的内容,即植物DNA条形码研究的样品采集策略;植物标本和野外数据的采集规范;植物标本图像信息的采集规范;植物DNA材料的采集规范;植物DNA材料的干燥与保存规范;植物总DNA的质量标准及保存规范;植物标准DNA条形码的选择与通用引物;DNA条形码的扩增与测序;DNA条形码数据的命名、编辑和提交规范;以及DNA条形码数据分析。我们期望通过这些标准规范的实施和在实践中的不断修订和完善,能为我国学者开展植物DNA条形码和iFlora研究提供参考和借鉴。

DNA barcoding is a technique using one or a few standardized DNA regions from different genomes for rapid species identification, which is used in the field of taxonomy, ecological surveys and assessment of biodiversity. Because of the plant natural particularity and the DNA barcodes used for plants differing from animals, the stand- ards provided by BOLD which was initially dssigned for animals are not totally compatible in plants DNA barcoding research. Thus, we synthesize and customize a synopsis of technical notes and standards with reference of the BOLD criteria and experience of plant DNA barcoding projects, especial for the researchers with particular interest in plants DNA barcoding in China. Ten aspects related to plants DNA barcoding are covered： 1 ） sampling strategy for a plant DNA barcoding study, 2） collecting standards for vouches and associate information, 3） collection standards for specimen-referenced images, 4） collecting standards for DNA material, 5） standards for drying and preserving DNA material, 6） quality control and preservation procedures for extracted total genomic DNA, 7） recommended plant barcodes and universal primers, 8） procedures for PCR amplification and sequencing of the DNA barcodes, 9） naming, editing and submission for DNA barcoding files, and 10） procedures and methods for the analysis of DNA bareoding data.