ISO9000和ISO14000认证对出口贸易影响的比较研究

A Comparative Study on Impacts of ISO9000 and ISO14000 Certification on Export Trade

基于1997—2009年的数据,应用灰色综合关联理论比较分析了ISO9000和ISO14000认证对我国出口贸易的影响,研究发现:(1)无论是ISO9000还是ISO14000认证都有较大的正向出口效应,但总体而言,ISO9000认证的出口效应大于ISO14000认证的出口效应。(2)ISO9000认证和ISO14000认证对不同产品的出口效应是不同的,ISO9000认证对工业制成品的出口效应最大,而ISO14000认证对贸易总额和工业制成品的影响均突出。(3)对总出口和工业制成品出口来说,ISO9000认证的影响最大,其次是经济发展水平的影响,然后是ISO14000认证,而FDI和汇率的出口贸易效应相对较低;对于初级产品出口来说,经济发展水平的影响最大,其次是FDI和ISO9000,最后是ISO14000。

Based on the statistical data from 1997 to 2009, the paper comparatively analyzed the impacts of ISO9000 certification and ISO14000 certification on China＇ s export trade by using model of grey synthetic degree of incidence. The results show as follows： （1） Both ISO9000 or ISO14000 certification had positive impacts on export trade, but generally speaking, ISO9000 certification brought greater export effect than ISO14000 certification did. （2） ISO9000 certification and ISO14000 certification produced diffident export effects on different export products. Export effect of ISO9000 certification on manufactured goods was the maximum among all the researched factors, and ISO14000 certification brought almost the same effects on total exports value and manufactured goods＇ exports value, which were the maximum among all the researched factors as well. （3） On total exports value and manufactured goods＇ exports value, ISO9000 certification had the maximum effect, followed by economic development level, ISO14000 certification, FDI and exchange rate. On primary goods, economic development level had the maximum effects, followed by FDI, ISO9000 certification, and ISO14000 certification.