启蒙·审美·游戏——“五四”时期小说观念的现代性维度分析

Enlightenment·Aesthetics·Game——Analysis of Modern Dimension of Novel Concept in the May Fourth Period

小说观念是文人在小说实践基础上形成的对小说的理解和认识。"五四"时期最有影响的小说观是文学研究会所提倡的"为人生"的小说观,它要求小说表现人生、指导人生,内含着对启蒙现代性的诉求。创造社所信奉的"为艺术"小说观注重艺术的"美"和"真",追求艺术的主体性和自律性,显示了小说对审美现代性的追求。"鸳鸯蝴蝶派"所主张的"游戏消遣"小说观则重视小说"大众化"和"平民化"的审美品位,表达了小说对世俗现代性的追求。三者既互制又互补,正因为有了他们的三边对峙,才相对完整地构筑起"五四"小说的现代性空间,彰显了"五四"时期小说对现代性的多维度诉求。

The concept of novel is how people understand the novel on the basics of novel practicing. ＂For Life＂ view of novel which is advocated by the Literature Research Union becomes the most influential con- cept of novel in the May Fourth period. It requires that novel must perform life and guide life, containing the appeals of enlightening modernity. ＂For Art＂ view of novel which is believed by the Creation Society focuses on artistic ＂beauty＂ and ＂truth＂ and pursuits artistic subjectivity and self-discipline, showing the pursuits of aesthetic modernity. ＂Game and Recreation＂ view of Novel which is advocated by the Yuan Yang Hu Die School pays attention to the aesthetic taste of the ＂popular＂ and ＂civilian＂, expressing the pursuits of Secular Modernity. The three schools are mutual and complementary. Because of their trilater- al confrontation, May Fourth novels~ modern spaces could be completely built up, which shows multidi- mensional appeals of novel to Modernity in the May Fourth Period.