明末清初关于建文朝历史的编纂及考证

The Compilation and Verification of Jianwen Period’s History in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

由于国史阙如,史事不彰,加上世运学风的变化,在明末清初这一时段,建文朝历史的编纂出现了十分繁荣的局面,涌现了一大批各式体裁的史籍。这些数量众多的建文史籍成绩不一,部分学者能够秉持阙疑精神,审慎地选择史料,不妄下结论,但也有很多学者轻信传说,盲目罗列,缺乏别择,受到后人讥讽。尤其是出现了以《致身录》、《从亡随笔》为代表的几部伪书,蒙蔽了很多学者,造成史事不清、邪说横行的局面。幸有钱谦益等人秉承前人求实之精神,予以有力的考辨,终使真相大白于世。对这一学术现象进行梳理,其意义不止局限于史学史方面,我们同样可以藉此考察该时期的学术变迁及士人之心态。

The historical books about Jianwen history written by the government were very limited, so the facts were very difficult to find. During the period of late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the politic conditions and academic circumstances transformed significantly, which caused the prosperity of Jianwen history science. There were plenty of historical books during this time. These books had uneven achievements. Some scholars were very cautious of historical data, but the others used to blindly believe. Some fake books came out, such as ZhiShenLu and CongWangSuiBi, which deceived many people. Fortunately Qian Qianyi et al exposed the truth by historical textual research. This academic phenomenon means a lot to history of historical science. It can help us to research the academic development and mentality of scholars at that time.