来水量变化对黄河三角洲湿地生态类型的影响

Influence of Runoff Variation to the Ecological Type of the Yellow River Delta Wetland

黄河水资源是维持黄河三角洲湿地平衡的主导因素,黄河下游三角洲湿地的形成与变化是自然因素与人类干预共同作用的结果。根据对黄河利津站径流量的分析,并通过分析5个典型时间段黄河三角洲的遥感影像,解译得到不同流量情况下的生态水文格局,从而研究来水量变化对湿地生态类型的影响。结果表明:当年径流量大于147.7亿m3时,对芦苇湿地面积的影响系数小于0.25;当年径流量大于98.2亿m3时,对草甸湿地面积的影响系数小于0.25;当年径流量为200亿～300亿m3时,湿地面积保持相对稳定,该区间是维持湿地格局稳定的适宜径流。

The water resources of the Yellow River is the dominant factor to maintain the balance of the Yellow River delta wetland.The formation and variation of the Yellow River delta wetland are the joint result of natural factors and human intervention.The remote sensing images of five typical time periods of the Yellow River Delta were selected by analyzing the runoff of Lijin Section.The hydro-ecological pattern under the different runoff was analyzed by interpreting the data and the influence of runoff variation to the wetland ecological type was studied.The results show that when the flow is more than 14.77 billion cubic meters per year,the impact coefficient of the reed wetland area is less than 0.25.When the flow is more than 9.82 billion cubic meters per year,the impact coefficient of the meadow wetland area is less than 0.25.When the flow is more than 20～30 billion cubic meters,the wetland area keeps relatively stable and this flow interval is the most appropriate one to maintain the stable wetland pattern.