价值及其秩序对法律、权利、义务的逻辑先在性和奠基地位——以舍勒对价值和“应然”、“正当”之先天关系的分析为出发点

A Study of Max Scheler's Philosophy of Value and Order

权利、义务是法学研究的核心概念,对于权利、义务起源的逻辑机制,在国内尚未得到充分的研究。舍勒在《伦理学中的形式主义和质料的价值伦理学》一书中对"价值"和"观念的应然"、"规范的应然"、"义务的应然"以及"正当"的探讨,对我们理解价值及其秩序和法学中的权利义务的关系有着重要的理论价值。以舍勒理论为基础,我们可以看出价值及其秩序对法律、权利、义务有着逻辑的先在性和奠基作用。

Power and duty are the core concepts in legal studies while the logical mechanism of their origins has not received adequate studies in China.Max Scheler in Der Formalismus in der Ethik und die materiale Wertethik gives an incisive analysis of'value','ought-to be of concept','ought-to-be of regulation','ought-to-be of duty'and'justice',which reveal the logical priority of value and order as the cornerstone for the existence of law,power and duty.