圈养亚洲象的刻板行为初探

A Tentative Study on Stereotyped Behavior in Captivity Asian Elephants

2011年1月、7月、10～12月,采用事件记录法记录并分析了成都动物园圈养的2只(1♀1♂)亚洲象的刻板行为发生频次(次·h-1)和持续时间。结果表明,在刻板行为类型及其时间分配格局中,雌象以摇头最多,占73.93%,而雄象则以刻板踱步最多,占69.58%。雌象和雄象的刻板行为的发生频次和持续时间均是下午(12:00～17:00)多于上午(9:00～11:00);刻板行为持续时间最长的时间段均是16:00～17:00,雌象和雄象的刻板行为发生频次和持续时间还存在个体差异性。

Event record was used to record and analyse the Chengdu Zoo 2 （ 1♀ 1 ♂） captive Asian elephant Elephas maximus stereotyped behavior occurrence frequency （ times ~ h - 1 ） and duration in Chengdu Zoo in January, July, from Oc- tober to December 2011. The results demonstrate that, the types and time sequence of stereotypic behavior showed as fol- lows： for female elephant, head-shaking accounted for 73.93%, which was the highest proportion of the total observation time. However, stereotypic pacing was the highest for male elephant, accounted for 69.58%. For both female and male ele- phant, the frequency and duration of stereotyped behavior happened in afternoon hours （ 12：00 - 17：00） were significantly more than that of morning hours （9：00 - 11：00） and the longest duration of stereotyped behavior showed from 16：00 to 17：00. However the frequency and duration of stereotyped behavior varied individually.