老年人生活活动能力评定及其影响因素分析

Assessment on Ability in Activity of Daily Living and Analysis of It's Influencing Factors among the Aged

目的:调查济宁市老年人基本日常生活与工具性日常生活活动能力,探讨老年人日常生活活动能力的影响因素。方法:采用多阶段随机抽样方法,应用Katz日常生活活动量表(Katz-ADL)和Lawton工具性日常生活活动能力量表(Lawton-IADL),对济宁市≥65岁的504位老年人进行问卷调查。结果:济宁市老年人基本日常生活活动完全独立生活能力男性维持率为86.67%,女性为74.36%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.31,P<0.001);男女老年人工具性日常生活功能完全保持的频率分别为44.08%和20.95%;7.78%的男性老年人和15.39%的女性老年人工具性日常生活功能完全丧失,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.23,P=0.007)。性别、年龄、对生活状况的自我评价、对自身健康状况的评价是老年人日常生活活动能力的影响因素。结论:生活状况较好、男性是老年人保持独立日常生活活动能力的保护因素,年龄增加则是危险因素。

Objective： To observe the condition and proportion of ability maintenance in basicd activity of daily living（ADL）, the instrum- ental ADL（IADL） and to explore the influencing factors among the aged in Jining. Methods： Randomized multi-stage sampling was conducted to select subjects 504 elderly aged ≥65 years old were investigated by using Katz ADL Scale and Lawton IADL Scale. Results： The proportion of complete ADL ability maintenance in males was significantly higher than that in females （x2=12.31, P〈0.001）. The proportion of complete IADLability maintenance in was 44.08% in males and 20.95% in females. The proportion complete IADL disability in males was significantly lower than that in females （x2=7.23, P=0.007）. Age, self-evaluation about life condition, age, gender and self-evaluation about health were the influence factor of elder＇s ADL ＆ IADL. Conclusion： Feeling better on life status and the male are the protective factors of keeping ADL＆IAI）L independently, however, the increasing age is the risk factor.