河南省城乡收入差距演变及空间格局研究

The Study on the Temporal Evolution and Spatial Pattern of the Urban-Rural Income Inequality in Henan Province

城乡收入差距扩大是我国社会经济发展所面临的一项重大挑战.本文研究了1978年以来河南省城乡收入差距的演变轨迹、空间格局特征及其影响机制.分析结果:改革开放以来河南省城乡收入绝对差距一直在扩大,而相对差距呈现"V"与"M"复合状变化,2003年后虽有缩小迹象,但仍维持在高位;城乡收入差距具有显著的区域不平衡性,空间格局上具有对称性,城乡收入差距在富裕地区较小,而在贫困地区的表现则不具有一致性;城乡二元经济结构的刚性是影响河南城乡收入差距的主因,其影响机制是通过城乡之间联系传递的,城乡之间联系又与地理地形、交通通讯条件紧密相关.基于此,不同的县域,缩小城乡收入差距的政策也应因地制宜.

The urban-rural income inequality is a major challenge for society and economy development in China.In this paper,based on 108 counties of Henan Province,we study the temporal evolution,spatial pattern and effect mechanism of urban-rural income inequality since 1978.The results show that the absolute inequality between urban and rural areas has been expanding in Henan Province,while the relative inequality has been fluctuated in the shape of V and M,and the inequality between urban and rural areas has been smaller,but still maintained high level.The urban-rural income inequality is of the obviously regional unbalance,and the spatial pattern of symmetry.In the rich county,the inequality is relative small,but we had not proved the inequality was bigger in the poor county.The dual economic structure of urban and rural areas is the main reason for urban-rural income inequality in Henan province,and the mechanism transferred by contraction between urban and rural areas that is closely related to geographical terrain conditions,transportation and communication.So different policies reducing the urban-rural inequality should be taken for different counties.