澜沧江(湄公河)正源问题

The Source of Lancangjiang(Mekong) River

澜沧江发源于我国青海省 ,流经国外改称湄公河 ,它是我国乃至世界上重要的国际河流之一 .通过对澜沧江源头地区水文、地貌、冰川及河流特征的实地考察 ,并利用全球定位系统 (GPS)、地理信息系统 (GIS )和卫星遥感系统 (SRS)等技术来确定澜沧江 (湄公河 )的正源及其源头 .依据以河流的长度为主 ,并参照集水面积、河流水量等要素 ,最终确定澜沧江的正源为扎阿曲 ,发源于中国青海省玉树藏族自治州杂多县扎青乡海拔 5 5 14m的果宗木查山 .澜沧江的源头为一 0 .6 7km2 的冰川 ,源头海拔高度为 5 2 2 4m .其地理位置是东经 94°41′44″ ,北纬 33°42′31″.

Comprehensive survey and analysis of the headwaters of the Mekong River by use of GPS,GIS and SRS show that the source of the Mekong River is the Zha'aqu River which starts from the end of a small glacier on the Guozongmucha Mountain in Zaduo County,Qinghai Province.The altitude of the source is 5?244?m and the location is 94°41′44″E and 33°42′31″N.The Mekong River flows through six Asian countries and it is the 12th eargest river in the world.From the source to the joint of the Zha'aqu River and the Zha'naqu River,Ganasongduo (94°36′40″E and 33°12′33″N),the Zha'aqu River has a length of 101 1?km,a drainage area of 2?634 0?km 2 and a discharge of 117 4?m 3/s which was measured on July 12,1999.From Zhanahuohuozhudi(93°52.926′E and 33°16 534′N)to Ganasongduo,the Zha'naqu river has a length of 93 0?km,a drainage area of 1?999 3 ?km 2 and a discharge of 32 3?m 3/s which was measured on July 12,1999.From Ganasongduo to Changdu in Tibet Autonomous Region,the river is called Zaqu River,518?km in length.Down from Changdu to the outlet of the river inside China,the river is called Lancangjiang River,which has a drainage of 167?486?km 2 ,a length of 1?826?km and a annual mean discharge of 2?180?m 3/s.