南水北调中线工程供水价格分析

Water price analysis for Middle Route Project of S-N Water transfer

影响水利工程供水价格的因素包括自然条件和经济政策。在中线水源工程已定的条件下 ,主要从经济政策方面对南水北调工程的水价作了全面论述。认为 :如果将南水北调工程定性为盈利性项目 ,全部或大部采用银行商业贷款兴建 ,则水价很高 ,用户难以承受 ;如果定性为以社会公益性为主 ,兼有经济效益的项目 ,不以盈利为目的 ,但需做到自我维持 ,投资以国家 (中央和地方政府 )拨款和自筹资金为主 ,少部分使用银行优惠贷款 ,按满足成本费用加合理利润的原则制定水价 ,则水价相对较低 ,在北方地区严重缺水的情况下 ,工业和城市生活用水是可以承受的。黄河以北农业灌溉水价偏高 ,可以借鉴国外经验和有关省提出的建议 ,采取以工补农等办法解决。

The factors affecting the price of water supplied by a water project include natural conditions and economic policies. Under condition of the middle route water source project being determined, the price of water supplide by South to North Water Transfer Project is comprehensively expounded, mainly taking economic policies into consideration. If South to North Water Transfer Project is defined as a profit making project and is constructed entirely or largely by using commercial loan funds from banks, then the price of water will be very high and water users can hardly accept it. If the project is defined mainly as a public utility obtaining economic benefits, and its investment comes mainly from the central and local governments financial allocation and the funds raised by the owner of the project, partly from the bank loan on favorable terms, the price of water is determined on the principle of repayimg investment and making reasonable profit, then the price of water will be relatively low. In the case of northern areas seriously short of water, this price of water will be bearable for industrial and domestic use of water in cities. The price of water used for land irrigation in areas north to Yellow River will be rather high, and this problem can be solved by using the experience of other countries, adopting proposals of the related province, and taking the water cost from industry to make up for that in land irrigation .