女性泌尿系统感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

The pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance analysis of female urinary tract infections

目的分析女性泌尿系统感染的病原菌分布及耐药性情况,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对台州市第一人民医院2011年1～12月泌尿系统感染女性患者的合格标本进行培养鉴定与药敏试验,采用回顾性调查方法进行统计分析。结果分离出284株病原菌中,革兰阴性杆菌197株(69.37%),革兰阳性球菌43株(15.14%),真菌44株(15.49%)。药物敏感试验结果显示,大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南的耐药率最低(1.39%),而对头孢菌素类和喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药率较高。葡萄球菌和肠球菌对糖肽类抗菌药物表现出极高的敏感性。结论女性泌尿系统感染主要病原菌为大肠埃希菌,耐药性高且多重耐药的细菌呈上升趋势,临床应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。

Objective To analyze the pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance of female urinary tract in- fections and provide a basis for rational clinical use of antimicrobial drugs. Methods Culture identified and suscepti- bly tested the qualified specimens of female patients with urinary tract infection from January to December in 2011 were cultured for identification and tested for drug resistance, retrospective survey and statistical analysis were done. Results There were 197 Gram-negative bacilli（69.37%）,43 （15.14~）were Gram-positive cocci and 44 were fungi （15.49%） in 284 isolated pathogens. The drug sensitivity test results showed that Escherichia coli had the minimum resistance rate to imipenem,and higher resistance rate to cephalosporins and quinolone. Staphylococci and enterococcin showed very high sensitivity to glycopeptide antibiotics. Conclusion The main pathogens in female urinary tract infections are Escheriehia coli with a rising , severe and multi-drug resistance to bacteria. The antimicrobial drugs should be rationally selected based on susceptibility results in the clinics.