109例耳鸣患者病因及危险因素分析

Analysis of etiology and risk factors in 109 patients with tinnitus

目的探讨耳鸣的重要病因和危险因素。方法回顾性分析2011年3月至2012年3月在我院耳鼻咽喉科门诊就诊的109例耳鸣患者的资料,同时采用问卷调查法对患者的一般情况、生活方式及社会与环境因素等进行调查。结果耳部疾病、全身性疾病的构成比分别是31.19%和29.36%。长期接触噪音环境、工作压力大、精神紧张、长时间通话、戴耳机、吸烟、饮酒、咖啡、熬夜及使用耳毒性药物是导致耳鸣的重要危险因素。结论积极治疗耳部及全身性疾病,尽可能早地、完全地脱离危险因素是降低耳鸣发病率的重要措施。

Objective To explore etiology and risk factors of tinnitus. Methods In our retrospective study, data of the 109 patients with tinnitus, who had clinical visits in the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Department of our hospital from March 2011 to March 2012 were analyzed, and all the patients were interviewed with the questionnaire, inquiring about their general conditions, lifes- tyle, social and environmental factors. Results Ear and systemic diseases were the main causative factors of tinnitus, constituting 31. 19% and 29.36% respectively. Prolonged exposure to noise, great work pressure, mental stress, long talk on the cell phone, wearing of earphones, smoking, alcohol and coffee drinking, staying up late, and application of ototoxie drugs were primary risk factors of tinni- tus. Conclusion Active treatment of ear and systemic diseases and complete avoidance of risk factors as early as possible are important precautions for the reduction of incidence of tinnitus.