摘要
文章在技术—劳动力的替代关系假说基础上,通过技术分解法和产业分解法分析中国产业发展过程中技术创新对劳动力就业的影响,结果发现,随着劳动效率的提升,产业内部的确存在技术毁灭就业的情况;但从长期和总量来看,技术创新对劳动力就业总量的影响不显著,只有当大规模技术变革引起产业结构性变动时,才会在短期内引起所谓的技术替代劳动力而带来失业现象。因此,作者认为技术创新与就业的关系不能一概而论。
Question of 'Does technology innovation create or destroy jobs?' has to be answered by well-defined contexts.This paper probes into interrelationship between technology,employment and industrial models in China based on the substitutional relation hypothesis of technology-employment,and finds that there has factually existed the substitutional relation of technology-employment inside each of industry along with the rise of labour efficiency.However in the long run with a broad view,technological innovation has no significant impact on the aggregate of employment growth.Meanwhile technology innovation can be seen as the motive power for the adjustment of industrial structure and econcmic growth.Only when a large-scale technology revolution causes industry structure changes,is the unemploymen seen up with the substitutional relation of technology-employment.In conclusion,the employment growth is a result of economic growth,and the relationship between technological innovation and employment is not strong.
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期34-43,111,共10页
Chinese Journal of Population Science