植物病害定点定量式接种器的研制与应用

Application test on an in-situ quantitative inoculator

在植物病理学研究中，经常遇到植物病害接种问题。对于植物病原真菌来说，常用的接种方法有喷雾法、喷粉法、沉降塔定量接种法；对于细菌病害来说，常用喷雾法。植物病原菌对植物的侵染往往需要一定的水分，这些水很容易在植物叶面移动，因而，无论是喷雾法还是喷粉法，很难实现定量接种。孢子沉降法虽然能够使真菌孢子在一定的空间内比较均匀地沉降，但是对于受体植物的叶片来说，很难保证每张叶片都保持一定的接受角度；沉降塔式接种只能用于室内研究，购买沉降塔也相对比较昂贵。

In order to make inoculation to the test plants, a new type of quantitative inoculator was designed and manufactured. It was composed of two parts, a plastic grip and a plastic capsule. The inoculator was small, light and portable. Based on field tests of Valsa mali on apple leaves and Phytophthora infestans on po- tato leaves, inoculation could be easily made on fixed leaf area with quantitative inoculum with high efficien- cy. The inoculator could be used in many cases, such as the identification of plant disease resistance, plant disease epidemiology and bio-assay tests of fungicides.