磷肥杂质对土壤生态环境的影响

Effects of associated toxic constituents of phosphate fertilizers on the soil eco-environment

阐述了磷肥中有毒有害成分重金属镉(Cd)、放射性元素和三氯乙醛对土壤生态环境的影响,论述了施用磷肥对土壤和作物产品重金属含量的影响;讨论了土壤、作物和肥料Cd含量标准的制定;指出一般农田短期内不存在Cd污染,但对长期大量施用磷肥的地区和特定作物(如根叶类蔬菜)施用磷肥须谨慎。在现有施肥水平下,磷肥中放射性杂质不会导致土壤放射性污染。废酸磷肥中的三氯乙醛含量必须控制在作物临界剂量以下,并应采取适当施肥方法。

The impacts of the associated toxic constituents such as Cd,chloral and radioactive ele-ments on the soil environments and crop products are expounded.Cd content standard of soil,crop and fertilizer are also discussed. Cd pollution of general farmland does not exist in short-term,but fertilizer pollution must he payed attention during the use of phosphate fertilizer in the area and in the special crop for a long-term. Radioactive impurity in phosphate fertilizer can't cause pollution of soil. Chloral content in phosphate fertilizer must be controlled under crop's critical dosage and assist fertilizer rationally. The strategies for overcoming these impacts are also discussed.