2006~2010年岷县土源性线虫病监测点流行趋势分析

Prevalence tendency of soil transmitted nematode infections in Min County by sentinel surveillance from 2006 to 2010

目的通过对甘肃省岷县国家级土源性线虫病监测点人群土源性线虫感染率和土壤蛔虫卯检出率的连续监测，观察其流行趋势，为制定防治策略提供依据。方法2006--2010年期间，每年在岷县监测点整户调查1000人，改良加藤厚涂片法检测蛔虫、鞭虫虫卵，分析感染率；饱和硝酸钠漂浮法检测土壤蛔虫卵；对调查的10户土壤样品蛔虫卵计数与家庭成员蛔虫卵感染度做相关性分析。结果5年期间人群土源性线虫感染率由20．31％下降到11．08％，下降44．26％；0～15岁组为高发病人群；土源性线虫感染率最高的分别是散居儿童，其次是幼托儿童和学生；证实调查户土壤蛔虫卯计数与蛔虫感染度呈正相关，单侧t检验有统计学意义（t=4．40，P〈0．10）。结论2006--2010年岷县监测点土源性线虫感染率有明显下降，但仍在当地人群保持低发病率的流行状态。

Objective To observe the prevalence tendency of soil transmitted nematodes infections in Min County, Gansu Province during 2006-2010 through constant surveillance on the population and soil samples detection, thus to provide evidence for making strategy of disease prevention and Control. Methods 1 000 persons were investigated to find soil transmitted nematodes by sentinel surveillance. Eggs of A. Lumbricoides and T. trichiura were examined by Kato-Katz technique（3 thick smears per sample）while eggs of A. Lumbricoides examined for soil contamination in 10 families with saturate sodium nitrate floating method. The infection rates were compared among the five years. Eggs number of A. lumbricoides from soil and A. lumbricoides infection level of the families were obtained, then correlate analysis was applied. Results Soil transmitted nematodes infection rate in the population decreased from 20.31% to 11.08% in the five years, relative decreasing ratio was 44.26%. In the age group of 0-15, the infection rates were higher than those of older groups. The population with high infection rate was children live scattered, preschool children and students, respectively. Using correlate analysis by one side t test, number of soil A. lumbricoides eggs in the living environment and infection level of A. lumbricoides in those families had positive correlation, which indicated statistically significance exists （ t = 4. 40, P 〈 0. 10 ）. Conclusion The infection rate of soil transmitted nematodes decreased significantly during 2006 to 2010 in Min County, but still prevailed with low incidence rate in the area.