牛奶中黄曲霉毒素M1的来源和控制途径

Sources and Ways to Control Aflatoxin M1 in Dairy Milk

黄曲霉毒素(AFs)是存在于食物或饲料中真菌的有毒代谢物,天然产生的AFs主要有AFB1、AFB2、AFG1和AFG2,而AFM1则是AFB1经动物体内转化而来,具有致癌性,可通过牛奶排出,引起牛奶的安全问题。本文综述了牛奶中AFM1的来源与转化,主要国家和组织对奶中AFM1的限量,奶中AFM1的检测方法和控制途径。

Ayatoxins are toxic fungal metabolites found in foods and feeds. Aflatoxins from environment mainly include four subtypes： aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and aflatoxin G2. Aflatoxin M1, carcinogenic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 in animal body, can be excreted through cow＇s milk and cause safety issue in dairy milk. In this review arti- cle, the sources and conversion of aflatoxin M1 were first discussed. Maximum residue limit （MRL）, regulated by main countries and organizations in the world, was compared. Discussion was also made on the detection methods and the possible ways to control aflatoxin M1 in cow milk