植物与植食性昆虫相互作用的分子机制

Interactions between molecular plant defense mechanisms and herbivorous insects

在长期的协同进化中,植物建立起应对昆虫取食为害的精密而又复杂的防御机制,植物转录组调控中防御应答基因的表达及防御物质的合成因不同的昆虫取食方式而异。一般来说,咀嚼式口器昆虫取食时造成大面积组织伤害,可诱导植物产生伤害反应;而刺吸式口器昆虫因其特殊的口针取食,诱导植物激活病原体相关的防御途径。不同的防御途径激活不同的识别机制和信号途径。本文从信号识别和转导上综述了不同食性的昆虫取食植物时所引发的防御反应,分析了昆虫-植物相互作用关系的分子机制。

Plants have developed complex and accurate defense mechanisms in the course of their long term co-evolution with herbivorous insects. These typically involve the expression of specific defensive genes and subsequent production of defensive substances that deter different insect feeding guilds. Generally, chewing insects cause more extensive tissue damage and activate wound-signaling pathways whereas phloem-sucking insects induce pathogen-defense response pathways. These different defensive responses require distinct recognition mechanisms and signaling pathways. We here briefly analyze the defensive responses of plants to different insect feeding guilds.