圆锥角膜的诊断与治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus

圆锥角膜是一种双侧非炎性角膜扩张性疾病,其特征主要为中央和旁中央区角膜基质变薄和呈圆锥形突起。早期圆锥角膜的诊断标准并未完全统一。现今用于诊断圆锥角膜的仪器主要有Orbscan角膜地形图、Pentacam眼前节测量分析仪、共焦显微镜、眼反应分析仪等,手术治疗方法主要有角膜移植术、基质环植入术、交联疗法等。本文综述近年来用于圆锥角膜诊断的常用仪器的优缺点及手术治疗方法,为临床上选择更适宜的检测仪器和治疗方法提供依据。

Keratoconus is a kind of bilateral and non-inflammatory corneal ectasia disease. It is characterized by central or near central corneal stroma thinning and coni- cal protrusion. The diagnosing criteria of early stage keratoconus hash＇ t unified com- pletely right now. The auxiliary diagnostic apparatus is getting advancer and so is the treatment. The mainly auxiliary diagnostic apparatus are Orbscan topography, Penta- cam, confocal microscope and ocular response analyzer. The mainly operations are kera- toplasty, intrastromal corneal ring implantation, corneal collagen crosslinking. This arti- cle reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the diagnostic apparatus and surgical methods to provide a foundation for better choice of diagnostic apparatus and treat- ments.