2010年医院感染现患率调查分析

Survey on Point Prevalence Rate of Nosocomial Infection

目的了解医院感染现患率及危险因素,及时调整医院感染预防控制措施。方法医院感染管理专职人员与临床医师共同调查2010年12月15日0:00～24:00所有住院患者,查阅病历和床旁调查相结合,填写统一的现患率调查个案登记表和床旁调查表,对调查结果进行统计分析。结果医院感染现患率2.49%;科室主要分布在综合重症监护病房(ICU)和内三科(肿瘤和内分泌专业);部位主要分布在下呼吸道、泌尿道、血液;导管相关感染有增加趋势,不合理使用抗菌药物问题较突出。结论综合ICU和内三科是新津县人民医院的重点科室;下呼吸道、泌尿道、中心静脉置管部位是重点部位;侵袭类操作及不合理使用抗菌药物是危险因素;该院医院感染预防控制工作重点:加强导管相关感染监测,增加耐药菌监测,加强对综合ICU、内三科的管理,加强对侵袭性操作及合理使用抗菌药物的管理,提高病原学送检率。

Objective To observe the point prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and its risk factors in order to improve the methods of monitoring,preventing and controlling nosocomial infection.Methods The specialized staff and clinical doctors investigate all the patients admitted in 24 hours（0：00-24：00） on December 15th,2010,enquiring the patients and reviewing their medical records,filling in the prevalence investigating table and the infection casebook.Statistical analysis was then performed.Results The point prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 2.49% and most of the infection occurred inside the ICU and the Department of Oncology and Endocrinology.The infected sites included lower respiratory tract,urinary tract,and blood.Catheter-related infection rate was increasing.Improper use of antimicrobial drugs was the biggest problem.Conclusions ICU and the Department of Oncology and Endocrinology are key departments of the People＇s Hospital of Xinjin County.Lower respiratory tract,urinary tract and blood are the most infected sites.Risk factors include invasive procedures and improper use of antimicrobial drugs.Based on the investigation,the hospital should strengthen the monitoring of catheter-related infection and drug-resistance,enhance the management of key departments, promote the management of invasive procedures and proper use of antimicrobial drugs,and raise the rate of sample detection.