心脏机械瓣膜置换术后综合出院指导的效果评价

Evaluation of the Effects of Comprehensive Discharge Education for Patients Having Undergone Mechanical Heart Valve Replacement

目的探讨心脏机械瓣膜置换术后患者出院指导的综合方法,评价其效果。方法将2010年9月-2011年1月242例心脏机械瓣膜置换术患者按入院先后顺序随机分成试验组和对照组。试验组患者采用综合出院指导方案,对照组采用常规宣教方法,在6个月后对两组患者进行调查,评价综合指导方案的效果,并进行统计学分析。结果试验组患者均未出现不良并发症,对照组有1例出院后未遵医嘱服药及定期复查,死于血管栓塞;有2例出现血管栓塞,2例牙龈出血,经及时治疗后好转。结论对心脏机械瓣膜置换术患者出院时,发放健康教育资料及定期随访指导的综合出院指导方案,可以降低术后并发症,提高患者认知水平和满意度,帮助患者提高依从性,提高生存质量。

Objective To explore and evaluate the effects of comprehensive discharge education for patients having undergone mechanical heart valve replacement surgery. Methods A total of 242 patients having undergone mechanical heart valve replacement surgery between September 2010 and January 2011 were semi-randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. Patients in the experimental group received comprehensive discharge education, while those in the control group only received the routine publicity guidance without any formal education. Six months after the discharge, we surveyed these patients, assessed the effects of comprehensive discharge education, and did the statistical analysis. Results Patients from the experimental group had no adverse complications, while in the control group, one patient died of embolism, two suffered embolism and two suffered gingival bleeding, because they did not take medicine or receive re-examination according to the recommendation given by the doctors. The latter four patients recovered by timely treatment. Conclusion The comprehensive method of discharge education, handing out health education materials and regular telephone follow-up for patients having undergone mechanical heart valve replacement surgery can reduce postoperative complications, improve compliance and the quality of life.