利用发送速率调节无线传感器网络节点的能耗策略研究

Research of WSN node's energy strategy based on regulation of transmission rate

无线传感器网络一般都采用节点逐跳转发方式进行数据传输,这一通信机制容易导致网络局部区域的节点能量消耗较快,进而导致整个网络过早死亡。根据无线传感器网络的数据传输特点建立了一种以节点跳数为基础的全新网络模型,通过分析网络的数据特征得到了节点承载的数据量模型,进而得出了传感器网络的能耗及其数据发送延迟。在此基础上,在保证应用延迟需求前提下,提出了网络寿命最大化的求解算法。这一算法通过依次降低能耗较高节点的数据发送速率来降低其能耗,同时通过升高能耗较低节点的数据传输率,最终取得最高效率的网络参数。通过理论分析、模拟实验结果及与其他算法效果的比较,文章所提出的解决法案可在很大程度上有效延长网络寿命。

Wireless Sensor Network（WSN） typically uses the communication mode node-to-node by forward way,but this communication mechanism often leads to high energy consumption in local network,which will make the WSN dying prematurely.The paper presents a new network model built on hop count based on the data transmission characteristics of WSN.Some results are obtained from the analysis including the distribution of energy consumptions,the lifetime of each node in different localities and the data transferring delay corresponding to the node＇s lifetime.Considering the delay requirements in applications,the paper presents the algorithm for maximizing the network lifetime.This algorithm is presented according to the correlation among data transfer rate,energy consumption and delay.Theoretical analysis,simulations and the result compared with other algorithm show that the scheme adapts to the situations of energy consumptions and delays well,and the network lifetime can be extended largely.