仙人掌多糖的分子量及单糖组成分析

The Molecular Weight and Monosaccharide Composition of Polysaccharides from Opuntia stricta

对仙人掌多糖分子量及其单糖组成进行了研究。采用水提醇沉法提取多糖,DEAE-纤维素离子交换层析柱分离纯化,高效凝胶过滤色谱法(HPGFC)测定多糖分子量,1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定单糖组成。结果表明:此法最终获得三个多糖组分OPS-1、OPS-2、OPS-3,相对分子量分别为124712、197943、43083。OPS-1含葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖,摩尔比为1.5:12.9:1.0;OPS-2含甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖,摩尔比为1.0:15.6:1.0:2.4:8.2:41.6:36.3;OPS-3含鼠李糖、葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖,摩尔比为1.0:2.4:1.4:1.4。为仙人掌多糖的进一步研究及开发提供了科学依据。

The molecular weight and monosaccharide composition of Opuntia polysaccharide were studied. The crude polysaccharides were extracted from Opuntia with hot water and precipitated by alcohol, then purified by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose column. High performance gel filtration chromatography （HPGFC） and high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） method of precolumn-derivatization with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone （PMP） were used for detection of the polysaccharide molecular weight and the monosaccharide composition, respectively. The results of HPLC analysis showed that three main polysaccharides fractions were obtained, named OPS-1, OPS-2, OPS-3, with the molecular weights being of 124712, 197943 and 43083, respectively. The OPS-1 was composed of glucose, xylose, arabinose with the molar ratio of 1.5：12.9：1.0. The OPS-2 was composed of mannose, rhamnose, gIucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, gIucose, xylose, arabinose with the molar ratio of 1.0：15.6：1.0：2.4：8.2：41.6：36.3. The OPS-3 was composed of rharnnose, glucose, xylose, arabinose with the molar ratio of 1.0：2.4：1.4：1.4. The experiment can be used as a scientific basis for the research of Opuntia pharmacology in the future.