种植密度对粒用芸豆的产量及商品品质的影响

Effect of Different Planting Density on Yield and Commodity Quality of Kidney Bean

为了创造高产、优质的芸豆栽培模式和较高的经济效益,以黑龙江省北部高寒条件下主栽大粒芸豆品种英国红芸豆为材料,分析了不同种植密度对芸豆大田产量、产量构成因素及商品品质等方面的影响。结果表明:高寒地区种植密度与芸豆经济产量呈抛物线关系,当密度为15万株.hm-2时产量最高,为2 875.67kg.hm-2,密度为35万株.hm-2时产量最低,为2 131.33kg.hm-2;单位面积荚数随密度增加而逐渐增加,单株荚数、主茎分枝、茎粗和百粒重随密度增加呈下降趋势;芸豆的商品率和籽粒均匀度与种植密度呈负相关。因此,为了保证较好的商品率和较高的产量,播种密度应保持在15万～20万株.hm-2。

In order to create cultivation patterns of high yield, high quality of kidney bean and higher economic benefit,taking cultivated varieties of British red kidney bean in north cold region of Heilongjiang province as experiment material,the effects of different planting density on field yield, yield component factors and com- modity quality of kidney bean were analyzed. The results showed that： the relation between planting density and economic yield of kidney bean in cold region was parabolic,the highest yield was 2 875.67 kg·hm^-2 , when the density for 150 000 plant·hm^-2, the lowest yield was 2 131. 33 kg-hmz, when the density for 350 000 plant·hm^-2. Unit area pod number gradually increased with density increased, pod number per plant, caulis branches,stem diameter and 100-grain weight were declined with the density increased. The relationship be- tween Kidney bean＇s commodity rate and grain evenness and planting density were negatively correlated. There- fore,in order to guarantee good commodity rate and higher yield, the planting density should be held in 150 000-200 000 plant·hm^-2.