鹅掌楸属植物的生物学特性及主要形态区别的研究

The Research of the Biological Characteristics and the Main Morphological Differences for Liriodendron

鹅掌楸属植物是我国重要的濒危景观类植物,作为速生高大落叶乔木,其独特的景观效果使之成为城市中极佳的行道树和庭荫树种;同时,它抗污染性比较强,也用于工矿区的园林绿化。以中国鹅掌楸、北美鹅掌楸和杂交马褂木3个不同种鹅掌楸属植物为对象,研究了它们的生物学特性,探究了其主要器官(叶片、花朵、果实)以及生长不同阶段(苗期、幼年期、成年期)形态特征的主要区别,并分析了造成鹅掌楸属植物产生差异的遗传因素和环境因素,对其致濒原因进行了讨论,并以此为依据,针对鹅掌楸属植物的生物学特性,深入思考其栽培策略,为防止其居群衰败和实施杂种适应性栽培试验,扩大保护植物种植系数提供科学依据。

Liriodendron is an important endangered landscape plants in our country. As a fast-growing decidu- ous tree,its unique landscape makes it to be an excellent street tree in the city and the court of shade trees. At the same time,its fouling resistance is relatively strong,so it＇s also used in industrial and mining areas. Taking Liriodendron chinese ,Lriodendro tulipi fera Linn. and L. chinensis × L. tulipi fera three different species as materials, their biological characteristics were studied and the main differences of morphological characteristics between the major organs（leaves, flowers, fruits）, and the growth at different stages（seedling, childhood, adult- hood）were explored. And the genetic factors and environmental factors in Liriodendron plant to produce differences were analyzed. Based on the discussion on the induced endangered reasons, its cultivation strategy was thought deeply according to the biological characteristics to provide a scientific basis for preventing the decline of their populations and implementing the adaptive hybrid cuhivation test and protecting plant cultivation coefficient.