混合选择对油菜隐性核不育系群体产量及品质性状的改良效应

Improvement Efficiency of the Characters of Yield and Quality by Mass Selection on the Genic Male Sterile Rapeseeds Lines in Brassica napus

为了对甘蓝型油菜隐性核不育系的产量和品质性状进行改良,应用群体混合选择改良方法对甘蓝型油菜隐性核不育系混合群体进行多年适度隔离控制轮回选择田间试验。结果表明:1)对构建的两个甘蓝型油菜核不育系混合群体QTA1(黑籽不育系群体)、QTA2(黄籽不育系群体)进行5代混合轮回选择,选育出的2368A和2392A不育系的产量、含油量、配合力均优于原始不育系,芥酸、硫甙等品质指标均优于国家优质油菜标准,含油量达48.34%和49.79%。2)用2368A和2392A与甘蓝型油菜骨干亲本组配了21个比对照油研50增产5.47%～31.34%的核不育两系组合。结论:混合选择改良方法不仅可以改良甘蓝型油菜隐性核不育系的品质和配合力,还可以显著提高其含油量和抗性等。

On the basis of the appropriate isolation mass population,the experiment was conducted with the two populations of GMS-Lines in B.napus.The results of field experment showed that mass population selection not only improved the quality characters and oil content especially,but also increased the comprehensive traits of yield and their components and combing ability and resistence of the CMS-Lines in B.napus.The GMS-Lines 2368A,2392A were selected from two syntheric populitions QTA1（the GMS-line population of black seed） and QTA2（the GMS-Line pulation of yellow seed）with mass selection for five cycles.The yield traits and oil content and combining abillity of two GMS-Lines 2368A,2392A more better than the original populations of the GMS-Lines in B.napus.Their oil content were up to 48.34% and 49.79% respectively.Hybrids crossing 2368A,2392A with the main varieties in B.napus yielded 5.47%~31.34% higher than the crossing Youyan 50.