稻草覆盖对油茶幼林土壤理化性质及油茶生长的影响

Soil physical and chemical properties and growth of a young Camellia oleifera forest with straw mulching

用野外调查与室内分析测定的方法,研究了覆草对油茶Camellia oleifera幼林土壤理化性质及生长量的影响。试验采用随机区组设计,设5个覆草处理,重复3次.处理-1。对各处理进行土样采集和生长量调查,土壤取样采用多点取样法,生长量采用跟踪调查的方法。试验结果表明:林地覆草后土壤理化性状均优于对照,而且随着覆草量的增加效果更加显著,处理D(覆草7.5 t.hm-2)效果最佳。与对照相比,覆草可显著提高0～20 cm的土壤水分含量,处理C(覆草6.0 t.hm-2)和处理D可显著提高20～40 cm的土壤水分含量。不管是覆盖地还是对照,土壤含水量变化的总趋势是一致的,呈先升高后降低的趋势,且分界线均在6月份。处理C和处理D土壤养分质量分数及微生物数量均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。处理B(覆草4.5 t.hm-2),处理C和处理D可显著提高幼林的新稍生长量。研究结果可为油茶幼林进行科学合理的稻草覆盖提供理论依据。

Based on field data and a soil analysis, the effects of a straw cover on soil physical and chemical properties as well as the growth of a young Camellia oleifera forest were studied. The test consisted of five ap- plication rates （0, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5 t＇hm-2） in a 5 x 3 randomized block design. Each treatment consisted of soil sampers collecting and growth investigation, which used muhidraw and follow-up investigation method seperately. Results showed that soil physiochemical properties with straw covering were better than a control with best results using a treatment of 7.5 t.hm-2 straw cover （D）. For soil water, in comparison with the control, straw cover can significantly improve the soil water content in the 0-20 cm soil layer, and the treaments of C and D can significantly improve the soil water content in the 20-40 cm soil layer （P〈O.05）. The general trend of soil water was the same between straw cover treatments and the control, which increased at first and then decreased, and whose separatrix all be in June. Soil nutrient content and for treatments C and D were all sig nificantly higher than the control （P〈0.05）. Straw cover treatments of B, C and D can also significantly im prove the growth of freshness of the treetops . This study could provide a theoretical basis for scientific and ra tional use of straw cover with young C. oleifera forests. [Ch, 2 fig. 6 tab. 14 ref.]