祁连山水源林经营模式研究

Management model for watershed forests in Qilian Mountains

水源林经营系统是一个复杂系统,关系着中国的水资源和生态安全,意义重大。为适应祁连山水源林经营管理实践和西部生态建设的需要,在实地调查的基础上,采用复杂性科学的新理论与新方法提出了一个有科学依据的、定量化、可操作的祁连山水源林经营模式,创新了原来的经营模式。该模式融合了水源林经营理论、水源林目标体系、水源林经营原则、水源林目标结构体系和水源林经营技术体系。该模式通过改善水源林结构,实践水源林的可持续经营,逐步实现水源林经营的生态效益、社会效益和经济效益目标,从而提供中国河西走廊地区稳定的优质水资源,促进该地区可持续发展和应对全球气候变化。根据该模式,对祁连山水源林区现有青海云杉Picea crassifolia林经营提出了经营建议。该模式对提高该区水源林的经营水平和经营效益具有现实指导意义。

The watershed forest management system is a complexity system, and is important for protecting our national water resources and ecological environment safety. In order to meet the needs of the watershed for est management practice in Qilian Mountains and the ecological environment construction in western China, based on field investigations and new theories and methods of complexity science, a scientific, quantitative and operational watershed forest management model is set up. The watershed forest management theories, management objectives, management principles, target forest structure and management technique system are integrated in this new model. Through improving the forest structure and practicing sustainable watershed forest management, the ecological, social and economic benefits from the watershed forest management will be gradually realized. And it will promote steady high quality water supply and the sustainable development for Hexi Corridor Area in China, and help to address global climate change. The management technical sugges- tions for the existing Picea crassifolia （Qinghai spruce） forests in Qilian Mountains are put forward. [Ch, 1 tab. 30 ref. ]