118株肺炎链球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析

Clinical Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of 118 Strains of Streptococcus Pneumoniae

目的了解肺炎链球菌的临床分布及耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法浓度梯度法(E-test)检测青霉素和头孢噻肟的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC),其他11种抗生素采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果共检出118株(118例)肺炎链球菌。标本来源以痰、眼分泌物、咽拭子为主,分别占50.8%、30.5%、16.1%;病区分布主要在儿科、眼科,分别为51.7%、30.5%。其对青霉素、头孢噻肟、万古霉素、奎奴普汀/达福普汀、利福平、利奈唑胺耐药率为0.0%;对左氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星和氯霉素耐药率分别为1.7%、1.7%和11.0%,对克林霉素、四环素、复方新诺明、红霉素耐药率均在80.0%以上。结论 118株肺炎链球菌主要来自痰标本,分布在儿科。青霉素、头孢噻肟、万古霉素等抗生素对其有较好的体外抗菌活性。

Objective To provide basis for clinical and reasonable use of medication by investigating distribution of Streptococcus Pneumoniae（SPN） and conditions of the drug resistance. Methods Concentration gradient method （E- test） was used to detect minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of Penicillin and Cefotaxime, other 11 kinds of antibiotics were proceeded by disc-diffusion （K-B） method for Antibiotic Susceptibility Test （AST）. Results 118 strains of SPN were detected. The source of specimens were mainly from sputum, eye secretions and throat swab, accounting for 50. 8%, 30.5% and 16.1% respectively. The distribution were mainly in pediatric and ophthalmology, accounting for 51.7% and 30.5 % respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that the resistance rate of SPN to Penicillin, Cefotaxime, Van eomyein, Quinupristin-dalfopristin, Rifampin, Linezolid were 0.0% ; to Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin and Chloramphenicol were 1.7% , 1.7 % and 11.0% respectively; to Clindamycin, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Erythromycin were higher than 80.0%. Conclusions 118 strains SPN were mainly from sputum specimens, distributed in pediatric primari- ly. Penicillin, Cefotaxime, Vancomycin etc had better antimicrobial activity in vitro.