手足口病发病危险因素的病例对照研究

A Case Control Study on Risk Factors of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease

目的了解杭州市2009年手足口病发病的主要危险因素,为手足口病的防控工作提供依据。方法对杭州市130例手足口病患儿与201名对照儿童的家长进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析发病的危险因素。结果单因素分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示散居儿童、家长手足口病预防知识缺乏、大小便不能自理、饭前便后不洗或不常洗手、近一周与其他儿童共用玩具为手足口病发病的危险因素,其OR值分别为2.829、2.768、1.870、3.235和3.282,P值均<0.05。结论儿童发生手足口病主要受抚养状况的影响,良好的卫生习惯和家长的卫生保健意识是预防手足口病的关键。

Objective To explore the risk factors of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease （HFMD） in Hangzhou. Methods The parents of 130 sick children who got the HFMD and 201 healthy children who were regarded as control were surveyed with questionnaires. Data were analyzed by chi - square test and multivariate non - conditional logistic regression. Results The risk factors included children living scattered, the lack of knowledge about the prevention of HFMD for parents, taking care for daily living by others, not or not often washing hands before meals or after defecation and sharing toys with other children in recent week ; the odds ratio （OR） were 2. 829 （ P = 0. 003 ）, 2.768 （ P=0.001）, 1.870 （ P=0.050）, 3.235 （ P=0.000）, and 3.282 （ P=0.000）, respectively. Conclusion The occurrence of HFMD is infected by children＇ s nursing status and the keys to prevent it are good health habits and the parents＇ awareness of HFMD prevention.