论民事补偿制度

On the civil compensation system

民事补偿是由非违法者对受害人的损失予以填补的民事法律制度,非违法者对受害人损失的补偿是特定情形下感激的道德义务的法律化。民事补偿制度有行为人补偿制度、受益人补偿制度和共同体补偿制度等三个类型。但无论是行为人、受益人还是共同体予以补偿,都建立在适法事实的基础上,因而民事补偿的性质是民事义务。民事补偿不具有惩罚性,其范围原则应限于受害人的直接损失。

The civil compensation is the civil system that the one who is not illegal makes up for the victim's damages.The compensation for the victim is appreciative moral legal incline,when the specific subject does not have fault.The civil compensation set up on the base of legal fact and its nature is a duty relating to civil law.Because the civil compensate is not civil liability but civil duty,the compensate is not disciplinary and the scope is confined to direct damage.