关中民间社火与宗教祭祀源探

Shehuo in the central part of Shaanxi Province and Exploration of the source of religious worship

社火产生于原始的宗教信仰,来源于对古老土地与火的崇拜,是随着原始的祭祀活动而逐渐形成的,它与祭祀有着一脉相承之处。古老的祭祀活动的核心是其作为巫术的思维模式——巫术直观。巫术直观是原始人与世界万物之间的直接沟通,其中,世界万物成为人的生命活动的象征及象征符号。社火作为祭祀,首要的是相信神灵的在场,并向其献祭,于是,社火、脸谱、服饰、道具、演员、红布条、铳炮锣鼓,一切与社火有关的事物自然具有了神灵的神力,并可以独立存在,成为神灵的象征符号。

Shehuo arise from the original religious beliefs,which is a continuation of an ancient tradition of offering sacrifices to Land Gods and Fire Gods.The core of the old sacrifices is the Witchcraft intuitive which is the mode of thinking as witchcraft.The Witchcraft intuitive is direct communication between the primitive and all things of the world,in which everything in the world becomes a symbol of human life.As a sacrifice,the first importance to shehuo is belief of the presence of the gods and sacrifice to her.As a result,the facebook,the costumes,the props,the actors,the red cloth,and the percussion pistol gun,all natural are provided with extraordinary power from the God,and can stand alone as symbol.