地铁车辆吸能装置耐碰撞性分析

Analysis of Crashworthiness of Energy-Absorbing Component in the Metro Vehicle Car-body

吸能装置是确保地铁列车具有良好耐碰撞性能的一种重要部件.为实现地铁车辆吸能装置的结构优化,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对不同厚度、不同横截面形状的薄壁结构碰撞性进行了仿真分析,分析结果表明,吸能装置的性能与其横截面的形状、壁厚的选择紧密相关.条件相同时,吸能装置的吸能能力与壁厚成正比,但壁厚增加时,界面力也随之增大,在吸能结构的设计中,需综合考虑.以地铁头车为研究对象,对安装了吸能装置的地铁头车进行了碰撞仿真,得到车体吸能装置碰撞过程变形情况和碰撞能量-时间历程,结果表明该结构吸能装置具有良好的吸能特性.

Energy-absorbing structure is an important component to ensure that the metro train has a good crashworthiness.In order to realize the optimization of the energy-absorbing structure,finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to simulate the crash performance of thin-wall structures of various thickness,cross-section.The results show that the performance of energy-absorbing component is closely related to cross section and thickness.The same conditions,absorption capability of energy-absorbing component is proportional to thickness,however,interface force increases with the increase of thickness,therefore,in the design of energy-absorbing component,it is necessary to consider it fully.Take the metro vehicle for example,one metro vehicle equipped with the energy absorption component is put up to simulate the collision procedure,and the deformation of the energy-absorbing component and the collision energy-time course are obtained,the results show that this energy-absorbing component has good energy absorption performance.