论满文译本《三国演义》在新疆锡伯族民间的流传及其影响

On the Circulation and Influence of the Manchu Translation of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms among the Xibo People in Xinjiang

18世纪初,锡伯族民众开始接触满文译本《三国演义》,1764年,3000多名锡伯族军民西迁新疆伊犁时也携带了满文《三国演义》。248年以来,在新疆锡伯族民间流传的满文译本《三国演义》中,既有早期顺治年间的内府刻本的抄本,又有雍正年间满汉合璧的坊刻本、抄本,既有光绪年间的抄本,有可能也有道光等年间的抄本。满文译本《三国演义》对新疆锡伯族的民间文学、戍边屯垦历史和精神生活产生了深刻影响。

At the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Xibo people began to read the Manchu translation of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In 1764, over 3000 Xibo soldiers and people brought the Manchu translation of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms with them when they moved west to Xinjiang. In the past 248 years, the Manchu translation of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has spread among the Xibo people in Xinjiang in various forms including not only the royal court block-printed editions and manuscripts in the early period of Shunzhi, but also the combination of mill block-printed editions and manuscripts in Manchu and Han during the reign of Yongzheng. There are the manuscripts in the period of Guangxu, and might be the manuscripts in the period of Daoguang or in some other periods for the Manchu translation of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which has a profound impact on folk literature, and the history and the spirit of the frontier settlement of the Xibo people in Xinjiang.