西周林政初探

Study of Xi Zhou Dynasty's Forestry Administration

中国古代林政，初兴于西周，其标志是周统治者重视森林职官建置和加强伐木管理。其林政兴起的原因，除当时丰富的森林资源，更重要的是西周统治思想与自然财富观的有机结合所致。西周林政包括森林职官和森林政策两个方面，其显著特点是：森林是属于周天子和封侯所有的天然富源，伐木要有定时；政府有计划地组织林垦，并开始实行人工培养保护森林的制度。

China's ancient forestry administration starts in the Xi Zhou Dynasty, which is indicated by the fact that its rulers attach importanc to the establishment of forestry official positionsand strengthen the administration of lumbering, and is caused by the perfect combination ofZhou' s ruling ideology and natural property view, as well as the rich forest resources at that time.The Xi Zhou forestry administration includes forestry official postions and forestry policies, whoseoutstanding features are that forest is one of the natural resources that belong to the Zhou kings,lumbering is regularly timed; the administration organizes planned forest cultivation, and initiatesthe preliminary system of China' s forest cultivation and protection.