心理护理对社区外来务工孕妇焦虑抑郁情绪的影响

Effect of psychological care on anxiety and depression of community migrant women workers with pregnancy

目的:探讨心理护理对社区外来务工孕妇焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响。方法:对206例社区外来务工首诊焦虑、抑郁情绪孕妇在常规孕产期保健教育基础上给予心理护理,1周1次,每次30 min。分别于孕36周、入院待产时、产后2周采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行问卷调查,观察分娩结局。结果:未来院分娩17例,入院待产189例SAS评分为(32.7±7.7)分,伴有不同程度的焦虑92例(48.7%);SDS评分为(29.2±4.6)分,伴有不同程度的抑郁75例(39.7%),与孕36周SAS、SDS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。失访6例,183例产后2周SAS评分为(24.3±4.5)分,SDS评分为(20.6±3.3)分,与孕36周、入院待产时评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组189例产妇中自然分娩133例(70.4%),剖宫产56例(29.6%),产程(466±112)min,新生儿窒息3例(1.6%),产后出血7例(3.7%)。结论:外来务工孕妇焦虑、抑郁的发生是一个自限性短期心理异常过程,积极开展有针对性的心理护理能有效降低其焦虑、抑郁发生率,减少产后出血和新生儿窒息的发生。

Objective：To investigate the effect of psychological care on anxiety and depression of community migrant women workers with pregnancy. Methods ：206 community migrant women workers with pregnancy （be found to have anxiety and depression in the first visit to the center）were given psychological care based on the implementation of routine perinatal health education,30 minutes each time,once a week. The Self - rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and the Self - rating Depression Scale （ SDS ） were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on them respectively in 36 weeks of pregnancy,on admission and 2 weeks after birth, the delivery outcome was observed. Results：17 pregnant women did not have childbirth in the hospital. SAS scores in 189 pregnant women were （32.7 ±7.7 ） points and 92 pregnant women suffered anxiety in different degree （48.7%） ; SDS scores were （ 29.2± 4.6 ） points and 75 pregnant women suffered depression in different degree （39.7%） ,the difference in the comparison of SAS and SDS scores with those in 36 weeks of pregnancy was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; follow - up were not conducted in 6 patients, the SAS scores were （ 24.3 ± 4.5 ） points and SDS scores （ 20.6 ± 3.3 ） points in 183 pregnant women 2 weeks after childbirth,the difference in the comparison of SAS and SDS scores with those in 36 weeks of pregnancy and on admission was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. 133 of 189 pregnant women had natural labor （70.4% ）, cesarean section in 56 pregnant women （29.6% ） ,the average duration of labor was （466 ± 112） minutes,neonatal asphyxia in 3 cases （ 1.6% ） and postpartum hemorrhage in 7 cases C3.7% ）. Conclusion：The anxiety and depression of community migrant women workers with pregnancy is a self - limited short - term abnormal psychological process. The pertinent psychological care can effectively reduce the incidence of depression and anxiety so as to decrease the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia.