基于多遥感数据的克拉玛依市土地利用动态变化及环境效应研究

Study on Dynamic Change of Land Use and Ecological Environment Effects in Kalama City Based on Multi-source Remote Sensing Data

基于多遥感数据即1993年、2000年、2008年的Landsat TM/ETM+和ALOS遥感数据提取了克拉玛依市土地利用数据,计算其土地利用变化速率和土地利用动态度,对克拉玛依市土地利用15年间变化的特征进行了分析,并从生态系统服务价值的角度定量评价了该区土地变化所产生的生态环境效应.结果表明,1993～2008年克拉玛依市林地面积增长最大,主要来源于未利用地的转出;其次为建设用地和水域,主要来源于未利用地和草地的占用;土地利用类型面积减少最大的是未利用地和草地,主要转变为建设用地、水域和耕地.土地利用变化引起的生态服务价值变化表现为1993年的0.33亿元,2000年的0.315亿元,2008年的0.729亿元,表明该区在1993～2000年期间的生态服务价值基本不变,2000～2008年间生态服务价值剧烈增加,该区生态环境整体向良性方向发展.

Based on the multi-remote sensing data namely two Land sat TM/ETM＋ images in 1993, 2000 and ALOS-AVNIR2 images in 2008, extract land use information of Kalama city and also spatio-temporal changes of land utilization in Kalama during the last 15 years were analyzed by calculated change speed and dynamic degree of land utilization. From the point of the ecosystem service values, the ecological environment effect was evaluated. The results showed that during the 1993 year to 2008 year, forest land in Kalama increased a lot, mainly of them converted from bare land. The area of built-up land and water were also increased by overtaking bare land and grassland. However, the area of bare land and grassland decreased a lot, because mainly of them converted to build-up land, water and cropland, the ecology service value change which is caused by the land use change were 0.33billion RMB in 1993, 0.315 billion RMB in 2000 and 0.729 billion RMB in 2008, this indicated that ecology service value was basically invariable in the period of 1993 to 2000, but ecology service value increased a lot in the period of 2000 to 2008, the ecological environment of Kalama trend to be good.