维生素D与心血管疾病关系研究进展

The relationship of vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases： a review of the recent advances

维生素D不仅对人体钙磷代谢和骨质钙化有重要作用，而且对全身各组织细胞都有广泛作用，与各种重要疾病均有密切关系。其中，维生素D缺乏与心血管疾病关系日益受到国际医学界的重视。其可能通过增加甲状旁腺激素、激活肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统、增加胰岛素抵抗等机制对心血管系统产生不良影响，引起高血压、左室肥厚、代谢综合征、系统炎症，从而增加动脉粥样硬化和心血管事件。目前，在我国大多数医院都没有维生素D的检验项目，且缺乏有关维生素D水平的流行病学资料，许多医务人员和科研人员对其认识仅还停留在对钙磷代谢的影响上。本文就维生素D缺乏与心血管疾病的关系以及补充维生素D降低心血管事件等方面临床研究作一系统回顾，以期引起我国学者对维生素D的重视，加强相关研究。

Traditionally, vitamin D is regarded as an important hormone which is involved in the metabolism of calcium and phosphate, and mineralization of bone. A growing number of evidences indicate that vitamin D receptors are present in a large variety types of cells, and vitamin D is associated with many diseases closely, among which the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular （CV） diseases has gained increasingly more attention. Vitamin D deficiency may adversely affect the CV system, including increasing levels of parathyroid hormone, activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and increasing insulin resistance, thus lead to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, metabolic syndrome, and general inflammation, then eventually cause atherosclerosis and CV events. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical evidences that vitamin D deficiency is associated with incidence of CV events, as well as evidences that vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduction in CV diseases.