黄浦江水域抗生素及抗性基因污染初步研究

Preliminary studies on the pollution levels of antibiotic and antibiotic resistance genes in Huangpu River,China

采用高效液相色谱-质谱法,调查了黄浦江江水及底泥中6种常见兽用抗生素的含量特征,并采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,分别研究了该水域相应的8种代表性抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotics Resistance Genes,ARGs)的存在及丰度水平。结果显示,调查的四环素类、磺胺类及氯霉素抗生素在江水中的质量浓度范围分别在0.44～2.69、0.97～1.96、0.03～0.26μg·L-1之间,在底泥中的质量分数则分别为22.10～72.74、25.98～117.29、nd～50.47μg·kg-1。所有样品中除tet(O)、tet(B/P)未检出外,其他6种抗性基因均有检出。与四环素类抗性基因相比,磺胺类抗性基因的绝对拷贝数及相对丰度较高,为黄浦江水域中的优势抗性基因。相关性分析表明:江水中sul(Ⅲ)、tet(W),以及底泥中的sul(Ⅱ)丰度与对应相中磺胺类抗生素含量显著正相关,江水中sul(A)则与水相中氯霉素、四环素含量显著相关,其他几种抗生素与抗性基因间未见相关性存在。除抗生素外,黄浦江水域ARGs的相对丰度还可能与抗性基因种类及其环境因素(如光照、温度、pH和重金属等)有关。

This paper adopts high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrograph （HPLC-MS） to investigate the concentration characteristics of six common veterinary antibiotics in the Huangpu River and its sediments. Real-time PCR is used to study the existence and abundance level of eight representative antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） in the water and sediment samples The results show that the contents of tetracycline （TCs）, sulfa, and chloromycetin （CAP） antibiotics in water samples are in the range of 0.44 p.g＇L-1 to 2.69 ~tg＇L-l, 0.97 p.g＇L-1 to 1.96 ~g＇L-1, and 0.03 ~tg＇L-~ to 0.26 ~tg-L-l, respectively. Their respective contents in the sediment are 22.10 ~tg-kg-1 to 72.74 btg＇kg-~, 25.98 ~tg＇kgI to 117.29 ~tg-kg-1, and nd to 50.47 ~tg.kg 1. Except for tet（O） and tet（B/P）, the other six resistance genes are detected in all samples. Compared with the TC resistance gene, the sulfa resistance gene is higher in absolute copy number and relative abundance, suggesting that the sulfa resistance gene is dominant in the Huangpu River. The relevance analysis indicates that the abundance of sul（III） and tet（W） in the water, and of sul（II） in the sediment, are positively related to the content of sulfa antibiotics in the corresponding phase. Sul（A） in the water is significantly related to the content of CAP and TCs in the water phase. Other kinds of antibiotics and resistance genes show no relative existence. The relative abundance of ARGs in the Huangpu River may be related to the kind of resistance genes and its ambient environmental factors （such as light, temperature, pH, heavy metal, and so on）, as well as antibiotics.