三种饲育环境中清洁级大鼠部分生物学特性的比较研究

Comparative Study on Several Biological Characteristics of Clean Rats in Three Rearing Environments

目的研究屏障环境设施＋IVC、屏障环境设施＋常规笼具、普通环境设施＋IVC三种饲育环境对清洁级大鼠的机体应激水平、免疫状况和血液生理生化特性的影响。方法将三组清洁级Wistar大鼠分别饲养在三种饲育环境中，经45d习服后，测定并比较各组神经内分泌、细胞因子和血液学及血液生化各项指标的差异。结果与屏障环境设施内常规笼中的大鼠相比，屏障环境设施内IVC中的大鼠CORT、IL-2、IL-1a、TNF-a、WBC、IL-1b、Fractalkine、CREA低，而IL-1b、Fractalkine、BUN、Ca、Ca／P比值高，普通环境设施内IVC中大鼠的CORT、MCP-1、TNF—a、GLU、CREA低，而IL-1a、Fractalkine、RBC、HGB、HCT、TP、ALB、UA、Ca、Ca，P比值、K、CO2高，且不同环境设施内IVC中的大鼠IL-1b、IL-10、MCP-1、RBC、HGB、HCT、BUN、IL—1a、ALB、ALT、UA、K各项指标也均有差异。结论大鼠对不同饲育环境的习服导致机体应激本底、细胞因子基础水平、血液学和血液生化特性方面出现较多差异，宜根据饲养目的、饲养周期、饲养中需要排除的干扰因素选择合适的饲育环境。

Objective To study the effects of different rearing environment, barrier facility＋IVC, barrier facility＋conventional cage and conventional environment facility＋IVC on the stress level, immune function and hematology and blood biochemistry in clean rats. Methods Three groups of weanling clean rats with 3 in one cage were housed respectively in three different environments for 45 days before tests of neuroendocrine hormone, cytokines, hematology and blood biochemistry were conducted, and the results were compared by groups to discover the different effects of three rearing environment. Results Compared with the rats in barrier facility＋conventional cage, the rats in barrier facility＋IVC had lower levels of CORT, IL-2, IL-1a, TNF-a, WBC, IL-1b, Fractalkine, CREA, and higher levels of IL-1b, Fractalkine, BUN, Ca, Ca/P ratio, meanwhile, the rats in conventional environment facility＋IVC had lower levels of CORT, MCP-1, TNF-a, GLU, CREA, and higher levels of IL-1b, Fractalkine, RBC, HGB, HCT, TP, ALB, UA, Ca, Ca/P ratio, K, CO2. Moreover, rats housed in IVC in different environment facility also showed significant difference in IL-1b, IL-10, MCP-1, RBC, HGB, HCT, BUN, IL-1 a, ALB, ALT, UA and K. Condusions Acclimatization of clean rats to different rearing environment can cause diversity of stress background, cytokine baseline and hematology and blood biochemistry. It suggests choosing a good rearing environment base on the rearing goals, periods and the relative interfering factors to be avoided.