基于荧光蛋白的荧光共振能量转移探针的构建及应用

Design and Application of GFP-based FRET Biosensor

荧光共振能量转移(fluorescence resonance energy transfer,FRET)是基于荧光基团供体和荧光基团受体间偶极子–偶极子耦合作用的非辐射方式的能量传递现象。基于荧光蛋白的FRET技术已被广泛用于研究细胞信号通路中蛋白质–蛋白质活体相互作用检测、蛋白质构象变化监测以及生物探针的研制中。基于荧光蛋白的荧光共振能量转移探针使得人们可以在时间和空间层面上研究细胞信号的转导过程。该文简要介绍了四大类基于荧光蛋白的FRET生物探针的设计、研制以及其在生物信号分子检测、活细胞成像以及药物筛选中的应用和进展情况。

FRET is distance-dependent physical process by which energy is transferred non-radiatively from an excited molecular fluorophore （the donor） to another fluorophore （the acceptor）. GFP-based FRET tech- niques have been widely used and applied in protein-protein interaction detection, protein conformation change monitoring and biosensors designing. GFP-based FRET biosensor greatly facilitates the research of cell signal transduction both at spatial and temporal levels. Herein, recent progress of design and application of GFP-based FRET biosensor has been reviewed, with emphasizes on its application in live cell imaging and drug screening.