不同生态型夏玉米田节肢动物群落特征的研究

Study on Community Structure of Arthropod in Different Ecotypes of Maize Fields

分析了泰安市3种不同生态型夏玉米田节肢动物群落结构组成及相关特征指数、优势种群和优势度,并研究了不同生态型夏玉米田节肢动物群落中各类群的相对多度。结果表明,粮菜区和粮果区节肢动物丰富度、个体总数、多样性指数和均匀度指数均明显高于纯粮区,而生态优势度均明显低于纯粮区,纯粮区捕食性和寄生性天敌种群数量少于粮菜区和粮果区。夏玉米田物种丰富度在不同时间序列上差异明显,自7月中旬开始物种丰富度呈急剧增大趋势,8月13日物种丰富度达最大值61种,此后物种丰富度逐渐波动减少,9月29日达最低点。

The composition of arthropod communities in different ecotypes of maize fields were investigated, and the arthropod community characteristics and the relative abundance of each group were analyzed in this paper. The individual numbers, richness, diversity index and evenness index in maize - vegetable and maize -fruit fields were higher than those in maize fields, but the ecological dominance was lower. The number of predacious and parasitic natural enemies in maize fields was less than that in maize -vegetable and maize -fruit fields. The species richness changed obviously in different time series in summer maize fields, which increased rapidly from the middle of July and reached the largest as 61 kinds at August 13, and then decreased gradually until to the lowest point on September 29.