一种Zr基核材料的制备工艺、结构及力学性能研究

Investigation on the preparation, structure and mechanical properties of a Zr-based nuclear material

采用直流磁控溅射法在纯Zr基片上制备ZrCu非晶合金膜形成复合材料，可望作为潜在的核材料。运用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、高分辨透射电子显微镜对其结构表征，最终选用非晶成分ZrssCu妒对以Zr65Cu355成分合金靶制备的非晶膜及其镀覆在zr基片上形成的复合材料分别进行力学性能测试。结果表明，ZrCu成分在Zr40Cu60-Zr80Cu20之间均为非晶基体，略含有少量的纳米晶颗粒，纳米晶颗粒尺寸在10nm以下。且当Zr含量增加时，非晶馒头峰的中心位置由45°不断左移，直到-31°。另外，Zr65Cu35合金靶溅射时间为30min的薄膜硬度最大，稳定时为7．7GPa，其杨氏模量均稳定在～110GPa，镀膜复合材料与相同尺寸的纯Zr基片相比，其抗弯强度、抗拉强度及塑性形变均有提高。

Background： Alloys have been largely used as nuclear materials. However, enhancement of the resistance of particle radiation and the mechanical properties in alloys are stiU required. Purpose： To develop a new type of Zr-based nuclear material with good mechanical properties. Methods： DC magnetron sputtering was applied to prepare ZrCu binary amorphous films on the pure zirconium substrate. The structure of ZrCu films was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high resolution transmission electron microscope. Mechanical properties testing were carried out for the ZrCu films and the film/substrate composite materials. Results： It is found that in the compositions ranged from Zr40Cu60 to ZrsoCu20, amorphous films can be prepared, and Zr6sCu35 amorphous film has relatively high hardness and high Young＇s modulus. Compared with the pure Zr plate having the same size and shape, the Zr substrate coated with Zr65Cu35 amorphous film possesses a larger tensile strength, bending strength, and in particular obviously larger plastic-strain range. Conclusions： Zr crystalline plate coated with ZrCu amorphous film is a new type of nuclear materials with excellent mechanical properties.