价值链分工下的系统集成锁定与突破

Locking in of the System Integration in the Division of Value Chain and the Breakthroughs

在价值链分工中,可根据企业在价值链中的功能,把企业的生产制造活动分为简单的生产制造、核心模块制造、系统集成三种模式。这三种模式对企业的要求各异,其中系统集成需要企业拥有对供应链和技术的协调能力,对企业要求最高,系统集成企业在运营中会锁定技术及供应链企业,把关联企业纳入系统,而把非关联企业排斥于系统之外,这样既可防止技术外溢,也可确保利润在关联企业间的转移。在引进外资的企业中,跨国公司属于典型的系统集成企业,其锁定效应使我国"以市场换技术"的战略难以实现。为此,提高我国企业的系统集成能力是制造业的根本出路。

In the division of the value chain, we can divide the manufacturing process into 3 models according to its business functions in the value chain, which are simple manufacturing or OEM, the core module manufacturing and system integration. The requirements of 3 models differ greatly for the enterprises, among which system integration enterprise must have coordination ability of technique and supply chain. System integration companies in the operation will lock in the supply chain enterprise to get affiliated enterprises into the system, which exclude non-associated enterprises outside the system. And this can prevents leakage of technology and ensure the transferring of profits among associated enterprises. In the introduction of foreign capital, the introduced enterprises are mostly multinationals who are system integration companies and its lock-in effect made China＇s ＂market for technology＂ ideas vanish into air. To this end, strengthening the enterprises＇ capability for system integration is the fundamental way out for China＇s manufacturing industry.